18.4                         Progressive Society

                1. Transportation Transformation

 - Automobiles -made a common part of American Culture by Henry ford and his Model T

 - it was a motorized " Horseless Carriage "

 - the reason for his success was his perfection of the Assembly line method of production

 - his prices Dropped steadily $800 > $360 1916 $260 1925 over ½ of autos in America were fords

2. Airplanes

 - developed as the work of Little known independent Midwestern inventors.

 - Wright Brothers first names Orville & Wilbur

 - they were not the Only men to attempt but the first to succeed.

 - the big event happened in Kitty hawk North Carolina

 - the flight Dec 17, 1903  12 seconds 120 feet 1st powered sustained & controlled flight in history

3. George Washington Carver

 - found that certain plants –particularly Peanuts - replenished the Nitrogen the Cotton removed from the soil.

 - he found 2 hundred uses for the peanut, including dyes, milk substitute, ice-cream, livestock feed, fertilizer & flower.

 - "God Gave them to me," Carver Said. How can I sell them to someone else”

4. Agriculture

 - late 1800's to early 1900's are the “Golden age” of American Ag. Because of the Profits skyrocketing.

 - 1st America population is Shifting from Farms to the Urban cities.              

                Smaller number of Farmers allows those who do farm to sell As much food & crops as they could grow.

 - 2nd Technology improved –especially with the introduction of the Tractor which provided more Power

and Speed for Sowing, cultivating, & harvesting crops

                veterinary science Reduced the number of livestock dying from diseases

                transportation improvements made it Easier to get produce to the markets in the cities

5. Medicine

 - Mayo Clinic founded in 1901-started the idea of a private medical group = a center For medical research and practice which brings together doctors

 - John Hopkins Medical School –combined all of the best features of teaching from England, France & Germany

                Battled Yellow fever and discovered Mosquitoes transmitted the disease

                Decided to remove the problem by destroying The nesting grounds of mosquitoes

6. Education –had its greatest Impact in the 1920’s to 1950’s

 - The roots of the philosophy came from the overall progressive movement

 - believed that improving education meant R related learning to the child’s interests.

 - John Dewey a major progressive educator

 - emphasize we teach Students, not Subjects.

 - based on Experience not just Simple memorization.

-Needed Activities & Field trips

 - de-emphasize academic Tradition such as History and emphasize Vocational education

 - Shortcomings

                some basic Components of Basic education  ie. Multiplication tables

 - Secular humanism denies the Existence of God and affirms the goodness and perfectibility of man –which replaces absolute standards of truth and morality with relative pragmatic standards based on human experience

 - in the 1950's people realized that the Progressive education had not Educated  America's children very well

7. Religion –made of Two religious Movements

 - 1ST - Modernism applied Darwinism’s evolution to Christianity and ended up with a System f beliefs that was entirely anti-Christian.

 - Modernists believed that the Israelites preserved Stories, legends & Myths not "God's" inspired word

 - Christian Doctrine was not an Expression of God's revealed Word but was the Result of an evolution of ideas within the church.

 - Modernists gained a Foothold in American Colleges first then in Seminaries and soon began to teach their ideas to American pupils

 - 2ND applied Modernists applied the evolutionary aspect of progressivism to religion, the social gospel applied its social reform ethic.

                Believed in the Regeneration of Society through Social reform

                They rejected the Teachings of orthodox Christianity.

                Social salvation was the only Salvation to people who supported the Social gospel

 - They believed that man's Environment corrupted him, not "sin"

 - if you Improve man's Environment & it would allow his Natural, inherent goodness to Develop “be more fit”

 Orthodox Defense

 - Princeton theological seminary was a major institution of defense for truth about man under Benjamin B. Warfield

                after his death however Princeton accepted Modernist influences which shows in its teachings still.

- one method of defending scripture was establishing Bible institutes where the curriculum consisted entirely of courses in the Bible or the Church-related fields

- another method was Bible conferences which were Held at resorts during the summer months & featured noted preachers & bible teacher.

-Major Evangelist was B Billy Sunday who was a pro Baseball player who was converted

he preached to reach the masses by adding dramatic, almost athletic gestures to his sermons and spoke in the slangy vernacular.

Progressivism Evaluated

                1st –many ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

                2nd –the cost _________________________________________________________________________________________________

                3rd –most ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

                4th –Progressives _____________________________________________________________________________________________                 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

                5th –Progressives _____________________________________________________________________________________________

                the conclusion _______________________________________________________________________________________________                 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________